At the beginning of 2021, a carbon price was introduced in Germany on the fossil fuels coal, petrol, diesel, heating oil and gas. The aim is to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and thus contribute to achieving the climate goals. The level of the price, its effectiveness and, above all, who will be particularly affected and how the additional costs can be socially compensated are hot debates in the political landscape. With this working paper, we are pleased to present the effects of the carbon price and the various compensation proposals for private households/individuals and to analyse their equity effects, especially from a gender perspective. This is not to reject carbon pricing in principle; on the contrary, we consider it a useful instrument. But its implementation and compensation measures should and must be critically examined and adjusted.